Estimation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mediator CD40 Ligand Levels in Young Tribal Subjects of Tripura- An Observational Study
Published: March 1, 2022 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2022/51602.16119
Debaprasad Chakrabarti, Partha Sarathi Pal
1. Professor, Department of Medicine, Tripura Medical College and Dr. BRAM Teaching Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India.
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India.
Correspondence
Partha Sarathi Pal,
Malanchaniwas Qtr, Type-IV/18, Block-8, Near A.G Office, P.O. Kunjavan,
Agartala, Tripura, India.
E-mail: drparthapal65@gmail.com
Introduction: Obesity is the established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart diseases and atrial fibrillation. Cytokines such as Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-12 (IL-6, IL-12) play a significant role in the development of obesity related disorders. Cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) ligand, a trimetric protein structurally related to Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) family contributes to atherothrombosis by being a link between platelets, inflammation, thrombosis and atherogenesis. The present study was undertaken to explore the interplay between inflammatory cytokines and CD40 Ligand (CD40L) in young obese tribal subjects.
Aim: To estimate the level of proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6, IL-12 and CD40 ligand in obese subjects and compare with non obese tribal subjects of Tripura, India.
Materials and Methods: In this observational study, 60 non obese and 60 young obese tribal subjects within age group of 18-36 years were enrolled, over a period of two years from March 2014 to March 2016 at Tripura Medical College (TMC) and Dr. BRAM Teaching Hospital, Tripura, India. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-12 and C-reactive Protein (CRP) were estimated by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA). Plasma level of fibrinogen activity was measured by coagulation assay. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance was calculated as insulin (micro unit per milliliter) x glucose (milimoles/Ltr)/22.5. Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 Ligand (sCD40L) in serum was determined by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test and regression analysis.
Results: Cohort consisted of 19 (31.1%) males and 41 (68.3%) females whereas the control non obese group comprised of 16 (26.6%) males and 44 (73.3%) females. In the present study, the authors had observed that the biochemical parameters like fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were significantly higher in obese subjects compared to non obese subjects. Further, the authors observed that CRP, IL-6, IL-12 and fibrinogen level were statistically higher in obese subjects. A statistical significant difference was found in fasting insulin level and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) between obese and the non obese group. Finally, there was positive relationship between CD40 ligand and cytokines with obesity.
Conclusion: The present study has demonstrated that the circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-12 have a strong relationship with obesity and other parameters of metabolic risk. It was also observed that there is a clear positive relationship between CD-40L and cytokine families.
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